How sage beat the juubi (What do you believe?)

[Narutofan4203 -in detention-]

Theory Number 1:
The Sage used Sage mode, since the Juubi is pure natural chakra as confirmed by Kurama in 610, he took in a lot of Juubi's chakra when he used sage mode and then sealed the remainder inside of him
Theory Number 2:
The Sage used his treasured tools and gave the Juubi a hard time, was a powerful shinobi beside this
The Main theory:
Sage was born with rinnegan and was immensely strong, defeated juubi with ease for more power, was half senju half uchiha
The new Theory:
The Sage was born from an Uzumaki lineage, and sealed the Juubi, forming rinnegan. Used COAT to create his sons.
Which one do you agree with?